Also known as: Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH), Zero Halogen Flame Retardant (ZHFR), Halogen-Free Flame Retardant (HFFR).
Low Smoke Zero Halogen wire refers to wire insulation material that is free of halogen substances. In the event of combustion, it does not release halogenated gases and produces low smoke density. It conforms to the standard JB/T 10491-2004, with models including WDZ-BYJ, WDZ-RYJ, etc.
Advantages of LSZH Wires/Cables
Low Smoke: When burning, only a light mist is produced, with visibility maintained over 60 meters.
Non-Toxic: Does not contain any toxic substances.
Flame Retardant: Achieves flame retardant effects through irradiation cross-linking processes.
Long Lifespan: Resistant to aging, with a service life potentially exceeding 100 years.
High Temperature Resistance: Maximum operating temperature can reach 150°C.
Environmental Standards: Complies with EU and Japanese environmental standards.
Main Application Areas for LSZH Flame Retardant Cables
1. Construction Sector: In high-rise buildings, shopping malls, hospitals, schools, etc., using LSZH flame retardant cables to replace traditional cables can improve building fire safety ratings and reduce fire risks.
2. Transportation Sector: In railways, subways, airports, ports, etc., the use of LSZH flame retardant cables enhances operational safety, protecting passengers and users.
3. Power Sector: In power grids, electricity transmission, supply, substations, and distribution, the use of LSZH flame retardant cables improves the safety of power facilities, preventing fires caused by electrical faults (preventing electrical fires due to abnormalities like short circuits, overloads, aging, etc.).
Types of Optical Fiber:
According to the UL1651 standard, optical fibers are classified into the following four main categories:
1. OFNP, OFCP: Plenum-rated, Non-conductive and Conductive.
(Optical Fiber Non-conductive Plenum / Optical Fiber Conductive Plenum)
2. OFNR, OFCR: Riser-rated, Non-conductive and Conductive.
(Optical Fiber Non-conductive Riser / Optical Fiber Conductive Riser)
3. OFN, OFNG: General Purpose, Non-conductive.
(Optical Fiber Non-conductive / Optical Fiber Non-conductive General)
4. OFC, OFCG: General Purpose, Conductive.
(Optical Fiber Conductive / Optical Fiber Conductive General)
O: Optical Fiber Cable
C: Conductive
P: Plenum grade, used in air handling/ventilation spaces, possesses the highest flame retardant rating.
R: Riser grade, used in vertical shafts, with a slightly lower flame retardant rating.
G: General Purpose.
Summary of Key Differences
| Category | Flame Retardant Rating | Conductivity | Typical Application Scenarios |
| OFNP/OFCP | Plenum Grade | Non-conductive/Conductive | Ventilation ducts, air conditioning return air systems |
| OFNR/OFCR | Riser Grade | Non-conductive/Conductive | Building vertical shafts, inter-floor vertical cabling |
| OFN/OFNG | General Purpose | Non-conductive | Horizontal cabling, general areas in equipment rooms |
| OFC/OFCG | General Purpose | Conductive | Ordinary environments requiring static protection or grounding |
Note: All types must meet the requirements of the UL1651 standard regarding flame spread, smoke release, and toxic gases.
Recommended machine configuration
Kneader + Double stage Extruder / Single Screw Extruder + Air cooling Hot Cutting. (Using only a single screw yields slightly inferior results).
(Machine materials should use nickel-based alloy for corrosion resistance, high strength, and high temperature resistance.)
Formulations
Main Materials:
Exceed 3518CB: Polyethylene (PE) resin, commonly used in plastic and film manufacturing, provides excellent physical properties and processing performance.
TAFMER DF840: Thermoplastic Polyester Elastomer (TPEE), possesses the elasticity of rubber and the processability of thermoplastics.
Elvax EVA3182: Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA), commonly used in hot melt adhesives, cable compounds, and modifiers.
Escorene UL00328: Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) resin, commonly used for packaging films and plastic bags.
Additives:
Compatibilizer MC326: Used to improve compatibility between different polymers, enhancing the performance of the mixed material.
Silane Coupling Agent FD-172: Used to improve adhesion and compatibility between inorganic and organic materials.
Silicone Masterbatch MG3601: Used to enhance the material’s weather resistance, waterproofing, and anti-aging properties.
Flame Retardants:
ATH AH-01DG: Aluminum Trihydroxide (ATH) flame retardant, used to improve the material’s fire resistance.
Example Formulations:
1. EVA/LLDPE Test Formulation for ATH:
Escorene™ UL 00328 (EVA)
Escorene™ LL 1001 XV (LLDPE)
Mah Gr Polymer (Coupling Agent)
ATH (Flame Retardant)
Ethanox 310 (Antioxidant)
2. EVA/LLDPE Test Formulation for MDH:
Escorene UL 00328 (EVA)
Escorene LL 1001 XV (LLDPE)
Mah Gr Polymers (Coupling Agent)
MDH (Flame Retardant)
Ethanox 310 (Antioxidant)
Escorene™: ExxonMobil Corporation.
Ethanox: SI Group.
PVC Cable Compound
A common and low-cost cable compound.
Formulation:
Resin: Loose-type suspension PVC resin, SG-1 / SG-2 type. Industry commonly uses viscosity or indicates average molecular weight (or average degree of polymerization). Higher molecular weight results in higher tensile strength, impact strength, and elastic modulus of the product, but reduces the fluidity and plasticity of the resin melt. Generally, types 1-3 are mainly used in wires, cables, plastic pellets, and footwear processing; types 5-8 are mainly used in plastic windows, steel-plastic windows, water pipes, conduit, decorative panels, plastic fittings, pipes, agricultural film, cigarette film, etc.
Plasticizer: 30%-40% DOP, DOTP.
Stabilizers, Flame Retardants, Antioxidants, Anti-UV agents.
Lubricant: 0.3%-0.5% PE Wax.
Filler: Calcium Carbonate.
Machine Configuration for PVC:
Twin Screw Extruder L/D 36:1 + Single Screw Extruder L/D 9:1 + Air Cooling Hot Cutting.、
Recommend Automatic Dosing system.
XLPE (Silane Cross-Linked Polyethylene)
XLPE cable compound is a polymer material where polyethylene molecular chains are cross-linked via chemical or physical methods to form a three-dimensional network structure, possessing excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength, and electrical properties.
Formulation:
PE resin, Cross-linking agent, Antioxidant, Anti-UV agent, Flame retardant.
Recommended machine configuration:
Material A (75B): Underwater Pelletizing + Loss-in-weight feeder, 400 kg/h capacity.
Material B (36B): Water Strand Pelletizing, 50 kg/h capacity.
